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Qué (quién) es structural damage - definición
Damage waiver
ALSO CALLED CDW
Collision damage waiver; Loss damage waiver
Damage waiver or, as it is often referred to, collision damage waiver (CDW) or loss damage waiver (LDW) is optional damage insurance coverage that is available to you when you rent a car.
Structural element
ENGINEERING TERM; STRUCTURAL PART OF A COMPLEX STRUCTURE
Structural member; Structural component; List of structural elements
Structural elements are used in structural analysis to split a complex structure into simple elements. Within a structure, an element cannot be broken down (decomposed) into parts of different kinds (e.
Structural coloration
![Magnificent non-iridescent colours of [[blue-and-yellow macaw]] created by random nanochannels](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ara ararauna Luc Viatour.jpg?width=200 "Magnificent non-iridescent colours of [[blue-and-yellow macaw]] created by random nanochannels")
![Electron micrograph]] of a fractured surface of [[nacre]] showing multiple thin layers](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bruchfläche eines Perlmuttstücks.JPG?width=200 "Electron micrograph]] of a fractured surface of [[nacre]] showing multiple thin layers")
![[[Buttercup]] petals exploit both yellow pigment and structural coloration.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Buttercup petal structural and pigment coloration.svg?width=200 "[[Buttercup]] petals exploit both yellow pigment and structural coloration.")
![Butterfly wing at different magnifications reveals microstructured chitin acting as a [[diffraction grating]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Butterfly magnification series collage.jpg?width=200 "Butterfly wing at different magnifications reveals microstructured chitin acting as a [[diffraction grating]]")
![Structural coloration through selective mirrors in the [[emerald swallowtail]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Emerald Swallowtail Papilio palinurus scale structure diagrams.svg?width=200 "Structural coloration through selective mirrors in the [[emerald swallowtail]]")
![One of [[Gabriel Lippmann]]'s colour photographs, "Le Cervin", 1899, made using a monochrome photographic process (a single emulsion). The colours are structural, created by interference with light reflected from the back of the glass plate.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gabriel Lippmann Le Cervin 1891-1899.jpg?width=200 "One of [[Gabriel Lippmann]]'s colour photographs, \"Le Cervin\", 1899, made using a monochrome photographic process (a single emulsion). The colours are structural, created by interference with light reflected from the back of the glass plate.")
![[[Robert Hooke]]'s 1665 ''[[Micrographia]]'' contains the first observations of structural colours.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Micrographia title page.gif?width=200 "[[Robert Hooke]]'s 1665 ''[[Micrographia]]'' contains the first observations of structural colours.")
![Drawing of 'firtree' micro-structures in ''[[Morpho]]'' butterfly wing scale](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Morpho butterfly scale christmas tree multilayer structures drawing from electron micrograph.jpg?width=200 "Drawing of 'firtree' micro-structures in ''[[Morpho]]'' butterfly wing scale")
![In 1892, [[Frank Evers Beddard]] noted that ''[[Chrysospalax]]'' golden moles' thick fur was structurally coloured.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/NHM Chrysospalax trevelyani (cropped).JPG?width=200 "In 1892, [[Frank Evers Beddard]] noted that ''[[Chrysospalax]]'' golden moles' thick fur was structurally coloured.")
![The most intense blue known in nature: ''[[Pollia condensata]]'' berries](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pollia.jpg?width=200 "The most intense blue known in nature: ''[[Pollia condensata]]'' berries")
![interfere]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Thin film interference.svg?width=200 "interfere]].")
![[[European bee-eater]]s owe their brilliant colours partly to diffraction grating microstructures in their feathers](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/European bee eater.jpg?width=200 "[[European bee-eater]]s owe their brilliant colours partly to diffraction grating microstructures in their feathers")
![In ''[[Morpho]]'' butterflies such as ''Morpho helena'' the brilliant colours are produced by intricate firtree-shaped microstructures too small for optical microscopes.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/butterfly Morpho rhetenor helena (M) KL.jpg?width=200 "In ''[[Morpho]]'' butterflies such as ''Morpho helena'' the brilliant colours are produced by intricate firtree-shaped microstructures too small for optical microscopes.")
![The male ''[[Parotia lawesii]]'' bird of paradise signals to the female with his breast feathers that switch from blue to yellow.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Parotia lawesii by Bowdler Sharpe.jpg?width=200 "The male ''[[Parotia lawesii]]'' bird of paradise signals to the female with his breast feathers that switch from blue to yellow.")
![Brilliant green of emerald swallowtail, ''[[Papilio palinurus]]'', is created by arrays of microscopic bowls that reflect yellow directly and blue from the sides.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/green Swallotail (Papilio palinurus) - Relic38.jpg?width=200 "Brilliant green of emerald swallowtail, ''[[Papilio palinurus]]'', is created by arrays of microscopic bowls that reflect yellow directly and blue from the sides.")
![Emerald-patched cattleheart butterfly, ''[[Parides sesostris]]'', creates its brilliant green using photonic crystals.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Parides sesostris MHNT dos.jpg?width=200 "Emerald-patched cattleheart butterfly, ''[[Parides sesostris]]'', creates its brilliant green using photonic crystals.")
![Iridescent scales of ''[[Lamprocyphus augustus]]'' weevil contain diamond-based crystal lattices oriented in all directions to give almost uniform green.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Curculionidae - Lamprocyphus augustus.JPG?width=200 "Iridescent scales of ''[[Lamprocyphus augustus]]'' weevil contain diamond-based crystal lattices oriented in all directions to give almost uniform green.")
![Iridescent scales on ''[[Entimus imperialis]]'' weevil](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/scales covering Entimus imperialis' elytra.jpg?width=200 "Iridescent scales on ''[[Entimus imperialis]]'' weevil")
![Electron micrograph of the three-dimensional [[photonic crystal]]s within the scales on ''[[Entimus imperialis]]'' weevil](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Entimus imperialis' photonic crystal.jpg?width=200 "Electron micrograph of the three-dimensional [[photonic crystal]]s within the scales on ''[[Entimus imperialis]]'' weevil")
![Hollow nanofibre bristles of ''[[Aphrodita aculeata]]'' (a species of sea mouse) reflect light in yellows, reds and greens to warn off predators.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Aphrodita aculeata (Sea mouse).jpg?width=200 "Hollow nanofibre bristles of ''[[Aphrodita aculeata]]'' (a species of sea mouse) reflect light in yellows, reds and greens to warn off predators.")
![Longfin inshore squid, ''[[Doryteuthis pealeii]]'', has been studied for its ability to change colour.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Loligo pealeii.jpg?width=200 "Longfin inshore squid, ''[[Doryteuthis pealeii]]'', has been studied for its ability to change colour.")
![[[Thin-film interference]] in a soap bubble. Colour varies with film thickness.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/thinfilmbubble.jpg?width=200 "[[Thin-film interference]] in a soap bubble. Colour varies with film thickness.")
![wasps of the ''[[Pepsis]]'' and ''[[Hemipepsis]]'' genera often produce a bluish tint from the [[sculpturing]] of their otherwise black chitin.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pepsis.jpg?width=200 "wasps of the ''[[Pepsis]]'' and ''[[Hemipepsis]]'' genera often produce a bluish tint from the [[sculpturing]] of their otherwise black chitin.")
PRODUCTION OF COLOUR BY MICROSCOPICALLY STRUCTURED SURFACES, BOTH AS A NATURAL PHENOMENON AND IN TECHNOLOGY
Structural color; Structural colour; Schemochrome; Structural colouration; Schemochromatic; Structural colours; Morphotex
Structural coloration in animals, and a few plants, is the production of colour by microscopically structured surfaces fine enough to interfere with visible light, sometimes in combination with pigments. For example, peacock tail feathers are pigmented brown, but their microscopic structure makes them also reflect blue, turquoise, and green light, and they are often iridescent.
Ejemplos de uso de structural damage
1. Relatively little structural damage was reported.
2. Several major roads are also closed because of structural damage.
3. We‘re seeing structural damage all over this hotel.
4. Two homes had some structural damage, Nease said.
5. Authorities said a hotel near Wheatley had structural damage.